Homebrew Browser/fr
- À ne pas confondre avec Homebrew Channel/fr.
Homebrew Browser | |
Général | |
---|---|
Auteur(s) | teknecal |
Type | Utilitaire |
Version | 0.3.6 |
Licence | Gratuitiel |
Liens | |
Téléchargement | |
Site Web | |
Périphériques | |
L'Homebrew Browser vous permet de télécharger les dernières applications homebrew / jeux et tout ceci à partir de votre Wii. Il n'est pas nécessaire de retirer sa carte SD et de la mettre sur le PC. Il vous est même possible d'effacer l'homebrew que vous ne désirez plus.
Plus de liens morts, plus besoin d'extraire des fichiers, plus de problèmes d'installations.
Vous voulez une nouvelle application qui n'est pas encore dans HBB? Faite une demande d'ajout en anglais.
Vérifiez les dernières nouveautés disponibles à ce jour sur le blog (codemii.com) avec aussi les informations sur les progrès de développement. Ajoutez hbb@codemii.com au registre d'adresse de la Wii pour avoir les mise à jour sur la Wii.
Jetez un oeil aux applications les plus populaires téléchargées avec l'Homebrew Browser.
Fonctionnalitées
- Téléchargement/(Dés)Installation/Mise à jour en un clic pour chaque application homebrew.
- Mise à jour automatisée lorsque votre version d'Homebrew Browser n'est plus à jour.
Utilisation
- Si vous utilisez l'Homebrew Channel alors placez le répertoire homebrew_browser de l'archive dans le répertoire apps à la racine de votre carte SD. Si vous utilisez un autre loader, servez-vous du fichier boot.elf du répertoire de l'archive.
- Lancez l'Homebrew_Browser à partir de votre loader en étant connecté à Internet sur votre Wii.
- Utilisez le pointeur IR de la Wiimote pour choisir votre homebrew.
- Un ticket vert - Vous avez la dernière version de cette application homebrew installée.
- Un ticket bleu - Vous n'avez pas la dernière version de cette application homebrew installée.
Button | Action |
---|---|
Bouton clic | |
Annuler le téléchargement | |
/ | Catégorie précédente/suivante |
/ | 6 applications homebrew précédentes/suivantes |
Retourner au loader |
Comment il fonctionne
- L'Homebrew Browser (HBB) contacte le serveur principal pour recevoir une liste des applications homebrew actuelles. La liste inclue le nom des applications, la taille des images, la taille des fichiers boot et si c'est un fichier dol ou elf, ainsi que les noms de tous les autres fichiers nécessaires.
- HBB vérifie que l'utilisateur possède la dernière version des images (dans le dossier "temp" à la racine de la carte SD) pour tous les homebrew listés. Si une image est pas à jour ou manquante, il la télécharge.
- Une fois dans HBB et en sélectionnant un jeu à installer, il télécharge l'archive 7z et icon.png si nécessaire à partir du serveur. Il extrait ensuite le contenu de l'archive sur la carte SD puis efface l'archive.
Notes pour les développeurs d'Homebrews
Comment les icones pour HBB sont sélectionnées
S'il n'y a pas de fichier "icon.png" dans une application homebrew de base, alors une icône disponible est incluse.
S'il n'y a pas de nom sur l'icône et si l'image ne représente pas très clairement ce que l'application fait alors elle est remplacée avec une icône appropriée.
Nomination du répertoire de l'application Homebrew
Le nom reste celui de l'archive original de l'homebrew. Les répertoires avec un espace dans leurs nom seront remplacés par un underscore. Si les fichiers de l'homebrew ne viennent pas dans un répertoire, alors un répertoire avec son nom sera crée. Si l'application homebrew utilise un nom de répertoire différent de celui de HBB, l'utilisateur verra qu'un téléchargement s'opèrera.
Un exemple est Masteroids. Le jeu a été développé avant HBB. Disons que le jeu a une mise à jour. Comme il utilise un même nom de répertoire, je n'ai qu'à placer les nouveaux boot.dol/elf sur le serveur, changer la taille du fichier et lorsque l'utilisateur lance HBB il devrait voir qu'une mise à jour de Masteroids est disponible.
Comment me faciliter la vie...
- Inclure un fichier icon.png et meta.xml avec votre application homebrew.
- Essayez de suivre le standard meta.xml et de tester votre fichier meta.xml dans l'Homebrew Channel.
- Inclure une date et numéro de version avec votre sortie d'homebrew, sinon j'utiliserais le timestamp du fichier boot.dol/elf en le nommant v0.1.
- Placez les fichiers de votre application homebrew dans un répertoire et ensuite le compresser au format zip. Essayez de conserver le nom de répertoire à chaque évolution de l'application.
Applications Homebrew disponible dans HBB
Historique chronologique ci-dessous. Liste alphabetique Liste visuelle
- Not to be confused with Homebrew Channel.
Homebrew Browser | |
General | |
---|---|
Author(s) | teknecal |
Type | Utility |
Version | 0.3.9e |
Licence | GPLv2-or-later |
Links | |
"Open Shop Channel" fork Download | |
Website | |
Discussion | |
[[1]] | |
Peripherals | |
The Homebrew Browser is a homebrew application made by teknecal that allows you to download homebrew applications through your Wii without the need of downloading through a computer and extracting them to your SD card.
Features
- One click download/(un)install/update for each homebrew application
- Auto updating when your Homebrew Browser version is out of date
How to Install
Create an /apps folder on the root of your SD card (e.g. E:/apps).
Copy the homebrew_browser folder to the /apps folder on your SD card.
Ensure that the little write lock switch on your SD card is off.
Launch via the Homebrew Channel.
Alternatively, if you load boot.dol using wiiload.exe (included with the Homebrew Channel), and possibly other similar methods, Homebrew Browser will offer to download and install the latest version of itself to your SD card automatically.
Usage
You can view this guide which shows how to use the Homebrew Browser.
- If you are using the Homebrew Channel then extract the homebrew_browser directory from the archive in your apps directory into the root of your SD card.
- Launch Homebrew Browser from Homebrew Channel and your Wii must be connected to the Internet.
- Uses the Wiimote with IR to choose your favorite homebrew application.
- Green Tick - You have the latest version of that homebrew application installed.
- Yellow Question Mark - You might not have the latest version of that homebrew application installed.
How it works
- The Homebrew Browser (HBB) contacts the main server to receive a list of current homebrew applications. The list includes the application names, image file sizes, boot file sizes and whether it is a dol or elf file, as well as the names of any other required files.
- HBB checks to see if the user has the latest image files (stored in apps/homebrew_browser/temp) for all homebrew listed. If the image is out of date or missing, it downloads the image file.
- Once in HBB and when selecting a game to install, it downloads the zip file and downloads the icon.png if needed from the server. It then extracts the zip file and deletes the zip file. When HBB is updating an application it will overwrite any existing files that the application has.
Notes for Homebrew Developers
Here's a guide on how to format your app for homebrew browser
How icons for HBB are selected
If there is no icon.png file in a homebrew application then an icon is included if one can be found.
Homebrew Application folder naming
I will stick to the folder names used when you extract each homebrew application. Folders with spaces will be replaced with underscores. If your files don't come in a folder, then a folder name will be created. If your homebrew application used a folder name before HBB and you've updated your application, the user will notice that there is an update to your application.
An example is MAsteroids. The game was developed before HBB. Lets say that the game gets updated. Since they are using a folder name, I can simple place the new boot.dol/elf on the server, change the file size and when the user loads HBB it will notice that they have an existing install of MAsteroids and then the user can update to the latest version.
Homebrew Standards
- Include an icon.png and a meta.xml file with your homebrew application. Make sure the icon.png file dimensions is 128 x 48.
- Try to follow the meta.xml standard and test your meta.xml file in HBC.
- Include a date and version number with your homebrew release, otherwise I will use the timestamp from the boot.dol/elf file and name it v0.1 or v1.0.
- Put your homebrew application files into a folder and then zip up that folder. Try to keep using that folder name for the homebrew applications life.
Homebrew Apps in HBB
History
7 October 2012 (v0.3.9e)
- Updated with latest libogc which should correct network issues some users are experiencing
17 September 2012 (v0.3.9d)
- Added support for new Wiimote
- Added a longer timeout when requesting the homebrew list
25 February 2011 (v0.3.9c)
- Fixed connecting to the backup server
- Added setting to allow use of secondary server whenever you like
31 October 2010 (v0.3.9b)
- Added secondary CodeMii server
- Added a connection test so HBB doesn't look frozen if it can't connect to the server
21 October 2010 (v0.3.9a)
- Really fixed bug with HBB calculating the wrong free space
- Fixed bug when trying to use other repositories apart from CodeMii
- Added setting to enable/disable HBB from checking for updates
31 August 2010 (v0.3.9)
- Fixed bug with HBB calculating the wrong free space
- Fixed bug with USB running HBB when HBB wasn’t installed on SD card
- Added support for HBC Themes (go to Settings -> Repo then select HBC Themes and restart HBB)
- Enabled a setting to use Wiimote like GC controller
- Enabled a setting to disable the character in the menu (if he freaks you out!)
- Updated the HBB updated applications window to allow more space
- Raised timeout for homebrew list
- Compiled with devkitPPC 21, libogc SVN and libfat SVN
21 February 2010 (v0.3.8)
- Speed improvement when parsing homebrew list
- Added .ogg music support
- Added ability to disable mounting USB devices
- Added timeout for Homebrew List download
- Fixed bug when updating apps or HBB the meta.xml file was corrupted
- Fixed bug when reverting to HBB repo it would sometimes fails
- Fixed bug when updating installed apps didn't work when installed apps are hidden
10 January 2010 (v0.3.7)
- Compiled with DevKitPPC r19, libogc 1.8.1 and libfat 1.0.6
- Allowed ratings and download count in repos
- Expanded the size of the HBB updated applications display when starting up
- Added homebrew sorter support (HBB will check for boot.dol.bak and boot.elf.bak files)
- Disabled write test as some cards failed it
- Fixed bug that crashed HBB at startup when settings had Use SD but no SD was inserted
- Fixed bug that would freeze or crash HBB when accessing a repo
- Fixed bug when GC controller was plugged in, it might go straight into the menu and then exit
29 September 2009 (v0.3.6)
- Fixed scrolling list issue
- Added ability to not delete folders and not extract files if they exist
- Added ability to select starting category and sorting method
- Re-added mp3 support (add loop.mp3 and it will play it instead of loop.mod)
- Improved scrolling of the list at start up
31 August 2009 (v0.3.5)
- Added repositories functionality
- Redid SD/USB mounting method so it keeps trying to at least mount one of these
- Cleaned up the text being printed a bit
9 August 2009 (v0.3.4)
- Fixed issue with icons not being loaded, removing an application from the queue bug and updated meta.xml handling when updating HBB
25 July 2009 (v0.3.3)
- Speed up extracting using updated libfat (speeds up download too, but it's not noticeable)
- Added USB support (plug in your USB device before booting HBB and turn off "Use SD" in settings)
- Added sorting of applications by name
- Added delete functionality to the queue (press minus to queue an application to be deleted)
- Added download and extract information (MB downloaded/MB total, Extracted files/Files to extract)
- Added a check to make sure Wii Network is initialised and active before downloading applications
- Fixed bug where you couldn't cancel the download queue if you had download prompt enabled
- Fixed bug where the meta.xml file name would change back to normal when you updated an application (this allows you to keep your custom name of applications)
2 June 2009 (v0.3.2)
- Added an updated applications pop-up which can be disabled in the setting. When applications are updated, you will be notified of the date, application and version when starting HBB.
- Added number of Wiimotes supported by applications by showing the number in the Wiimote icon
- Can revert to using IP address if HBB can't find codemii.com domain
- Added a download icon to indicate which application is being downloaded when you are browsing whilst downloading
- Added setting to disable Wiimote power off as some users experienced their Wii's turning off automatically
- Fixed bug where download/delete buttons would show when rating an application
- Fixed an issue when deleting applications wouldn't delete some folders
- Fixed squares that occasionally showed after name, description, etc which would cause creating/deleting directories to fail
- Fixed download queue issue when removing applications from the queue
- Fixed code dumps that occurred when scrolling the lists
1 May 2009 (v0.3.1)
- Able to download and browse at the same time (just click on a category when downloading)
- Fixed bug which didn't show the last character for applications names, descriptions, etc.
- Fixed bug where the wrong applications were shown after downloading from download queue
- Added GC controller support (port #1)
- Added Nunchuk support for scrolling the apps list
- Added ability to power off the Wii via the Wiimote power button
- Menu items are now accessible when in the help or settings screen
12 April 2009 (v0.3)
- Brand new GUI (thanks DayDreamOz)
- Ability to scroll through applications without waiting to download images (images loading or being downloaded will show as "Image not found")
- Images download in the background
- Much more information on applications which includes a longer description, author, version, size, date, SDHC support and controllers supported
- Shows the total amount of downloads for each application
- Ability to rate applications and shows an average rating
- Ability to queue applications for download in a download queue and download all at once
- Ability to sort applications by date, rating and download count
- Added background music (off by default, change loop.mod with your own music if you like)
- Uses threads
- Ability to move the cursor once downloading or extracting
- Ability to cancel extracting process
- Ability to work offline (by pressing the 1 Button when HBB is initialising the network)
- Ability to hide installed applications from the lists
- Checks for SD card to make sure there is enough free space before downloading each application
- Settings now include show SD card space, check free space, hide installed applications, retreive my rating, background music, rumble, update icon and offline mode
- Added lots of help screens
- Added widescreen support (thanks Cashman)
- Checks that server connected to is really www.codemii.com
- Added check to make sure the SD card isn't locked
- Downloads all image files before loading HBB v0.3 the first time to make things faster
6 April 2009 (v0.2.5d)
- Uses domain www.codemii.com to connect instead of an IP address
17 March 2009 (v0.2.5c)
- Fixed issue with utilities section that was causing it to be empty
- Fixed zip progress issue
24 January 2009 (v0.2.5b)
- Keep retrying networking initialisation
- Now shows the progress when extracting the zip files (thanks Tantric)
- Detects the ftpii directory when using a password like ftpii_mypass
- Keep meta.xml name when updating if it has been edited
- Added more error checking when updating HBB, if updating fails it reverts back to the previous version
- Media category becoming unavailable should now be fixed
- Fixed controller screen to display accurate Dpad information
19 December 2008 (v0.2.5a)
- Fixed XML issue which caused a code dump
- Added update text so it now tells you what's new before you update
13 December 2008 (v0.2.5)
- Changed blue tick to yellow tick so it can be seen easier
- Made help and controls window larger
- Free space is now shown at the bottom right of screen
- Added menu when pressing home, can go into settings, reboot the wii or return to loader. Hold the home button to return to loader at any time.
- Added settings which allow you to change when the image files are downloaded; either at startup or on-demand. Can enable or disable the free space text.
- Added update all applications feature. You access this when clicking on the SD card icon. Once you are shown your applications, the SD card icon changes to an update icon which you can click.
9 November 2008 (v0.2.4)
- Able to view currently installed
- Fixed bug in downloading and removing applications which affected uno and may have affected other applications
- Retries increased to 10 times with a longer pause in-between
- Able to reboot the Wii by holding B and pressing Home
- Detects if you have a .elf version of any application and lets you update that application
- Now uses zip files which means download sizes are reduced (thanks Tantric)
- Added SDHC support
- Detects if HBB icon or meta file exist, if they don’t then it downloads them
26 October 2008 (v0.2.3b)
- Using dol instead of elf to work with HBC beta 9
30 September 2008 (v0.2.3a)
- Wlan adapter should now work with the HBB
- Applications should now be detected properly
- When applications are downloaded/deleted from the popular category they will now appear correctly in other categories and vice versa
29 September 2008 (v0.2.3)
- Rebuilt with latest libfat CVS to fix delete corruption bug (thanks joedj)
- Added Popular category
- Updated HBB about information
6 September 2008 (v0.2.2)
- Now downloads images in real time, no more having to wait for HBB to load
- Fixed IR cursor, no more IR cursor correction is required (thanks Wil)
- Deleting applications now deletes all files from the directories created (emulator roms/saves directories aren't deleted)
- Dpad left and right now controls the categories
- Updated HBB about image to include information about wii message notifications for HBB
3 August 2008 (v0.2.1b)
- Added the ability to cancel downloads at any time by pressing B
- Added a slight rumble when moving over any button
- Moved help and controls icon to left of banner
27 July 2008 (v0.2.1a)
- Fixed the issue when downloading most of the temporary images for the first time it caused HBB to exit
- Added text to describe what each icon does when you move the cursor over it
26 July 2008 (v0.2.1)
- Cursor now rotates and disappears when IR is not pointed to the IR sensor (thanks ebool)
- Added about and controls icon
- Added functionality to remove old files that some applications don't use when you update
- Added statistics gathering which will be displayed on a webpage
- Changed IP address from wiiregionworld.com to codemii.com
13 July 2008 (v0.2.0b)
- Increased buffer size so applications that require a lot of files will work
- Added HTTP no-cache so users behind a proxy will always retrieve the latest version of the apps list
10 July 2008 (v0.2.0a)
- Small bugfix, downloading Raytracer, Wiiwhiteboard, etc should now work
9 July 2008 (v0.2.0)
- Supports applications which load files from the SD card
- Added categorisation of homebrew applications
- Ability to install HBB via wiiload
- Updated tick icons
- Updated "Download" image to change to "Update" if you already have the application installed
- New icon displays even if you have an older version of the application
- Fixed issue when downloading 4 applications HBB would exit
- Does not download the icon.png file if you already have that application installed
4 July 2008 (v0.1.2)
- Added checks to make sure the server response is valid
- Uses new graphics made by LowLines
- New mouse pointer
- "New" icon appears depending on the time
- Uses GRRLIB 3.0.1a
- (A few hours later) Fixed images getting corrupted when loaded previous and next 6 images a few times and now downloads the icon.png and meta.xml files for the HBB if you update
30 June 2008 (v0.1.1)
- Fixed issue with requesting files from server (thanks joedj)
- Enabled auto updating (press B when asked if you don't want to update)
- New logo and HBC icon (thanks LowLines)
29 June 2008 (v0.1)
- Initial Release
To do
View Homebrew Browser Development Progress
Credits
- DayDreamOz for the new v0.3 HBB design
- LowLines for the Homebrew Browser v0.2.x graphics including logo, HBC icon and all other graphics
- joedj for network code in ftpii
- Tantric - Used unzip library
- NoNameNo and RedShade for GRRLIB
- Thanks to all the Wii homebrew developers and icon artists
- Thanks to all the people who tested the HBB revisions
- Thanks to Team Twiizers, #wiidev & #wiihelp
Loop.mod found on ModArchive.
Homebrew Browser was written in C using devkitPPC r21 with libogc, libfat and GRRLIB (with Freetype support).
NetSend Example + HTTP Download Example
Source
Historique
24 Janvier 2009 (v0.2.5b)
- Keep retrying networking initialisation
- Now shows the progress when extracting the zip files (thanks Tantric)
- Detects the ftpii directory when using a password like ftpii_mypass
- Keep meta.xml name when updating if it has been edited
- Added more error checking when updating HBB, if updating fails it reverts back to the previous version
- Media category becoming unavailable should now be fixed
- Fixed controller screen to display accurate Dpad information
19 Décembre 2008 (v0.2.5a)
- Fixed XML issue which caused a code dump
- Added update text so it now tells you what's new before you update
13 Décembre 2008 (v0.2.5)
- Changed blue tick to yellow tick so it can be seen easier
- Made help and controls window larger
- Free space is now shown at the bottom right of screen
- Added menu when pressing home, can go into settings, reboot the wii or return to loader. Hold the home button to return to loader at any time.
- Added settings which allow you to change when the image files are downloaded; either at startup or on-demand. Can enable or disable the free space text.
- Added update all applications feature. You access this when clicking on the SD card icon. Once you are shown your applications, the SD card icon changes to an update icon which you can click.
9 Novembre 2008 (v0.2.4)
- Able to view currently installed
- Fixed bug in downloading and removing applications which affected uno and may have affected other applications
- Retries increased to 10 times with a longer pause in-between
- Able to reboot the Wii by holding B and pressing Home
- Detects if you have a .elf version of any application and lets you update that application
- Now uses zip files which means download sizes are reduced (thanks Tantric)
- Added SDHC support
- Detects if HBB icon or meta file exist, if they don’t then it downloads them
26 Octobre 2008 (v0.2.3b)
- Using dol instead of elf to work with HBC beta 9
30 Septembre 2008 (v0.2.3a)
- Wlan adapter should now work with the HBB
- Applications should now be detected properly
- When applications are downloaded/deleted from the popular category they will now appear correctly in other categories and vice versa
29 Septembre 2008 (v0.2.3)
- Rebuilt with latest libfat CVS to fix delete corruption bug (thanks joedj)
- Added Popular category
- Updated HBB about information
6 Septembre 2008 (v0.2.2)
- Now downloads images in real time, no more having to wait for HBB to load
- Fixed IR cursor, no more IR cursor correction is required (thanks Wil)
- Deleting applications now deletes all files from the directories created (emulator roms/saves directories aren't deleted)
- Dpad left and right now controls the categories
- Updated HBB about image to include information about wii message notifications for HBB
3 Aout2008 (v0.2.1b)
- Added the ability to cancel downloads at any time by pressing B
- Added a slight rumble when moving over any button
- Moved help and controls icon to left of banner
27 Juillet 2008 (v0.2.1a)
- Fixed the issue when downloading most of the temporary images for the first time it caused HBB to exit
- Added text to describe what each icon does when you move the cursor over it
26 Juillet 2008 (v0.2.1)
- Cursor now rotates and disappears when IR is not pointed to the IR sensor (thanks ebool)
- Added about and controls icon
- Added functionality to remove old files that some applications don't use when you update
- Added statistics gathering which will be displayed on a webpage
- Changed IP address from wiiregionworld.com to codemii.com
13 Juillet 2008 (v0.2.0b)
- Increased buffer size so applications that require a lot of files will work
- Added HTTP no-cache so users behind a proxy will always retrieve the latest version of the apps list
10 Juillet 2008 (v0.2.0a)
- Small bugfix, downloading Raytracer, Wiiwhiteboard, etc should now work
9 Juillet 2008 (v0.2.0)
- Supports applications which load files from the SD card
- Added categorisation of homebrew applications
- Ability to install HBB via wiiload
- Updated tick icons
- Updated "Download" image to change to "Update" if you already have the application installed
- New icon displays even if you have an older version of the application
- Fixed issue when downloading 4 applications HBB would exit
- Does not download the icon.png file if you already have that application installed
4 Juillet 2008 (v0.1.2)
- Added checks to make sure the server response is valid
- Uses new graphics made by LowLines
- New mouse pointer
- "New" icon appears depending on the time
- Uses GRRLIB 3.0.1a
- (A few hours later) Fixed images getting corrupted when loaded previous and next 6 images a few times and now downloads the icon.png and meta.xml files for the HBB if you update
30 Juin 2008 (v0.1.1)
- Fixed issue with requesting files from server (thanks joedj)
- Enabled auto updating (press B when asked if you don't want to update)
- New logo and HBC icon (thanks LowLines)
29 Juin 2008 (v0.1)
- Initial Release
A faire
- Ne pas utiliser un écran noir lors du chargement
- Trouver une musique de fond calme
- Ecrire le texte sur les images, au lieu d'avoir des images avec du texte
- Permettre aux utilisateurs de changer les icones par défaut
- Demander aux utilisateurs s'ils veulent garder leur icone déjà existantes pour une application homebrew qu'ils ont mise à jour
- Remplacer le "à propos" carré par une fenêtre, avec le nombre de téléchargement, le rate, une longue description et peut-être qu'un screenshot pourra apparaître
Utiliser les archives 7z au lieu de télécharger chaque fichier individuellement- Avoir un bouton pour mettre à jour toute les applications d'un coup
Augmenter la taille de la police- Utiliser un système de thread, qui permettra à l'utilisateur de faire autre chose durant le téléchargement
- Ajouter des images de controlleurs (PAD) pour chaque application
Credits
- LowLines pour le logo de Homebrew Browser, HBC icone et tout les autres gaphiques
- joedj pour le code réseau dans ftpii
- NoNameNo et RedShade pour GRRLIB
- Merci à tous les développeurs de homebrews Wii et aux créateurs d'icones HBC
- Merci à tous les bêta-testeur de la v0.1
Homebrew Browser a été écrit en C en utilisant devkitPPC (CVS 20080618) et libogc avec libfat et GRRLIB.
A message from Low Lines
Pendant que le design graphique se fait pour Homebrew Browser, j'ai utilisé une démo basée sur flash pour le simuler (rend plus facile le design) et travailler sur des fonctionnalitées possibles qui pourrait être ajoutées lorsque teknecal se sentira prêt. Les dicussions à ce sujet se trouvent ici. Je suis ouvert aux idées et suggestions, et ceci fournit également à chacun une démonstration utilisable du navigateur.