In memory of Ben “bushing” Byer, who passed away on Monday, February 8th, 2016.

Difference between revisions of "Title metadata"

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[[Category:Software]]
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'''Title metadata''' (aka '''TMD''') is a format used to store information about a [[title]] and all its installed contents, including which contents they consist of and their SHA1 hashes.
  
−
== Nintendo Wii Title-Metadata (tmd) file structure ==
+
TMDs seem to have been originally intended to all be stored in [[:/title/00000001/00000002/data/tmds.sys]], much like ticket.sys on the iQue Player; on release consoles, most TMDs are still stored there, but the TMD files actually used are stored in separate title.tmd files.
  
−
A "title" is a standalone entity -- a game, a channel, etc. Titles can be made up of multiple "contents".  (Don't ask me. I just work here.)
+
== Structure ==
−
+
=== Signed blob header ===
−
Many operations are done in terms of 64-byte blocks, which means you will often see padding out to the nearest 64-byte boundary at the end of a field.
+
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|- style="background-color: #ddd;"
 +
! Absolute offset
 +
! Length
 +
! Description
 +
|-
 +
| 0x000
 +
| 4
 +
| Signature type (always 0x10001 for RSA-2048 w/ SHA-1)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x004
 +
| 256
 +
| Signature covering the main header as well as all CMDs
 +
|-
 +
| 0x104
 +
| 60
 +
| Padding for 64-byte alignment
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
=== Main header ===
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|- style="background-color: #ddd;"
 +
! Absolute offset
 +
! Length
 +
! Description
 +
|-
 +
| 0x140
 +
| 64
 +
| Certificate issuer
 +
|-
 +
| 0x180
 +
| 1
 +
| Version
 +
|-
 +
| 0x181
 +
| 1
 +
| ca_crl_version
 +
|-
 +
| 0x182
 +
| 1
 +
| signer_crl_version
 +
|-
 +
| 0x183
 +
| 1
 +
| Is vWii (1 for vWii titles, 0 for normal titles)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x184
 +
| 8
 +
| System Version (the IOS that the title needs, Set to 0 for IOS itself. For the boot2, this is identical to the boot2 version.)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x18C
 +
| 8
 +
| Title ID
 +
|-
 +
| 0x194
 +
| 4
 +
| Title type
 +
|-
 +
| 0x198
 +
| 2
 +
| Group ID
 +
|-
 +
| 0x19A
 +
| 2
 +
| Zero
 +
|-
 +
| 0x19C
 +
| 2
 +
| Region (0: Japan, 1: USA, 2: Europe, 3: Region Free, 4: Korea)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x19E
 +
| 16
 +
| Ratings
 +
|-
 +
| 0x1AE
 +
| 12
 +
| Reserved
 +
|-
 +
| 0x1BA
 +
| 12
 +
| IPC Mask
 +
|-
 +
| 0x1C6
 +
| 18
 +
| Reserved
 +
|-
 +
| 0x1D8
 +
| 4
 +
| Access rights (flags for [[DVDX|DVD-video access]] and [http://hackmii.com/2009/08/of-tmds-and-hardware/ full PPC hardware access])
 +
|-
 +
| 0x1DC
 +
| 2
 +
| Title version
 +
|-
 +
| 0x1DE
 +
| 2
 +
| Number of contents (nbr_cont)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x1E0
 +
| 2
 +
| boot index (content index for boot file. For [[Broadway]] titles, this is typically the [[NAND Boot Program]]. For [[Starlet]] titles, this is the main binary with the kernel/ES/FS, or the single binary for monolithic IOSes)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x1E2
 +
| 2
 +
| Minor version (unused - the term typically refers to the lower half of the main version instead)
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
=== Content metadata (CMD) ===
 +
Following the main header (starting at offset 0x1E4) is a list of CMDs (one per content).
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
! Offset
 +
! Length
 +
! Description
 +
|-
 +
| 0x00
 +
| 4
 +
| Content ID
 +
|-
 +
| 0x04
 +
| 2
 +
| Index
 +
|-
 +
| 0x06
 +
| 2
 +
| Type (0x0001: Normal, 0x4001: DLC, 0x8001: [[:/shared1|Shared]])
 +
|-
 +
| 0x08
 +
| 8
 +
| Size
 +
|-
 +
| 0x10
 +
| 20
 +
| SHA1 hash
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
=== Certificates ===
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
! Offset
 +
! Length
 +
! Description
 +
|-
 +
| 0x000
 +
| 4
 +
| Signature type
 +
|-
 +
| 0x004
 +
| 256
 +
| Signature
 +
|-
 +
| 0x104
 +
| 64
 +
| Issuer
 +
|-
 +
| 0x124
 +
| 4
 +
| Public Key Type
 +
|-
 +
| 0x128
 +
| 64
 +
| Name
 +
|-
 +
| 0x12C
 +
| 4
 +
| Date
 +
|-
 +
| 0x16C
 +
|
 +
| Public Key
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
== Example code application ==
 
<source lang="c">
 
<source lang="c">
 
  typedef unsigned char  u8;
 
  typedef unsigned char  u8;
 
  typedef unsigned short u16;
 
  typedef unsigned short u16;
 
  typedef unsigned int  u32;  
 
  typedef unsigned int  u32;  
 +
/* On a 32bit system, long is only 4 bytes- use long long instead */
 
  typedef unsigned long u64;  
 
  typedef unsigned long u64;  
 
</source>
 
</source>
Line 16: Line 190:
 
   u32 cid; // content id
 
   u32 cid; // content id
 
   u16 index; // # number of the file
 
   u16 index; // # number of the file
−
   u16  type;
+
   u16  type; // normal: 0x0001; dlc: 0x4001; shared: 0x8001
 
   u64 size;
 
   u64 size;
 
   u8  hash [20]; //  SHA1 hash content
 
   u8  hash [20]; //  SHA1 hash content
Line 22: Line 196:
 
</source>
 
</source>
 
<source lang="c">
 
<source lang="c">
−
enum sig_type {
+
enum sig_type {
−
      RSA_2048 = 0x00010001,
+
  RSA_2048 = 0x00010001,
−
      RSA_4096 = 0x00010000
+
  RSA_4096 = 0x00010000
−
};
+
};
 +
 
 +
// High 32 bits of the title ID
 +
enum title_type : u32 {
 +
  System = 0x00000001,
 +
  Game = 0x00010000,
 +
  Channel = 0x00010001,
 +
  SystemChannel = 0x00010002,
 +
  GameWithChannel = 0x00010004,
 +
  DLC = 0x00010005,
 +
  HiddenChannel = 0x00010008,
 +
};
 +
 
 +
// title_type (offset 0x194)
 +
enum title_flags {
 +
  // All official titles have this flag set.
 +
  Default = 0x1,
 +
  Unknown_0x4 = 0x4,
 +
  // Used for DLC titles.
 +
  Data = 0x8,
 +
  Unknown_0x10 = 0x10,
 +
  // Seems to be used for WFS titles.
 +
  Maybe_WFS = 0x20,
 +
  Unknown_CT = 0x40,
 +
};
 
</source>
 
</source>
 
<source lang="c">
 
<source lang="c">
Line 36: Line 234:
 
         u8 ca_crl_version;
 
         u8 ca_crl_version;
 
         u8 signer_crl_version;
 
         u8 signer_crl_version;
−
         u8 fill2;
+
         u8 vwii;
 
         u64 sys_version;
 
         u64 sys_version;
 
         u64 title_id;
 
         u64 title_id;
Line 46: Line 244:
 
         u16 num_contents;
 
         u16 num_contents;
 
         u16 boot_index;
 
         u16 boot_index;
−
         u16 fill3;
+
         u16 fill2;
 
         content_record contents[num_contents];
 
         content_record contents[num_contents];
 
  } tmd;
 
  } tmd;
Line 55: Line 253:
 
   u8 sig[256];  // 256 for RSA_2048, 512 for RSA_4096
 
   u8 sig[256];  // 256 for RSA_2048, 512 for RSA_4096
 
   u8 issuer[32];
 
   u8 issuer[32];
−
   u32 tag;  // identifies what is being signed
+
   u32 key_type;  // the type of public key
 
   u8 name[64]; // name of thing being signed
 
   u8 name[64]; // name of thing being signed
 
   u8 key[...];
 
   u8 key[...];
 
</source>
 
</source>
 +
 +
There is also a structure called a TmdView which is select sections of the Tmd. It has a length of 0x60+0x10*number_of_contents. The structure is somewhat like this [as returned by ES_GetTmdView] :
 +
<source lang="c">
 +
struct tmd_view_content_t
 +
{
 +
uint32_t id;
 +
uint16_t index;
 +
uint16_t type;
 +
uint64_t size;
 +
};
 +
 +
struct tmd_view_t
 +
{
 +
uint8_t version; // 0x0000;
 +
uint8_t filler[3];
 +
uint64_t ios_title_id; //0x0004
 +
uint64_t title_id; // 0x00c
 +
uint32_t title_type; //0x0014
 +
uint16_t group_id; //0x0018
 +
uint8_t reserved[0x3e]; //0x001a this is the same reserved 0x3e bytes from the tmd
 +
uint16_t title_version; //0x0058
 +
uint16_t number_contents; //0x005a
 +
tmd_view_content_t contents[]; //0x005c
 +
};
 +
</source>
 +
 +
[[Category:File formats]]

Latest revision as of 21:25, 31 October 2022

Title metadata (aka TMD) is a format used to store information about a title and all its installed contents, including which contents they consist of and their SHA1 hashes.

TMDs seem to have been originally intended to all be stored in /title/00000001/00000002/data/tmds.sys, much like ticket.sys on the iQue Player; on release consoles, most TMDs are still stored there, but the TMD files actually used are stored in separate title.tmd files.

Structure

Signed blob header

Absolute offset Length Description
0x000 4 Signature type (always 0x10001 for RSA-2048 w/ SHA-1)
0x004 256 Signature covering the main header as well as all CMDs
0x104 60 Padding for 64-byte alignment

Main header

Absolute offset Length Description
0x140 64 Certificate issuer
0x180 1 Version
0x181 1 ca_crl_version
0x182 1 signer_crl_version
0x183 1 Is vWii (1 for vWii titles, 0 for normal titles)
0x184 8 System Version (the IOS that the title needs, Set to 0 for IOS itself. For the boot2, this is identical to the boot2 version.)
0x18C 8 Title ID
0x194 4 Title type
0x198 2 Group ID
0x19A 2 Zero
0x19C 2 Region (0: Japan, 1: USA, 2: Europe, 3: Region Free, 4: Korea)
0x19E 16 Ratings
0x1AE 12 Reserved
0x1BA 12 IPC Mask
0x1C6 18 Reserved
0x1D8 4 Access rights (flags for DVD-video access and full PPC hardware access)
0x1DC 2 Title version
0x1DE 2 Number of contents (nbr_cont)
0x1E0 2 boot index (content index for boot file. For Broadway titles, this is typically the NAND Boot Program. For Starlet titles, this is the main binary with the kernel/ES/FS, or the single binary for monolithic IOSes)
0x1E2 2 Minor version (unused - the term typically refers to the lower half of the main version instead)

Content metadata (CMD)

Following the main header (starting at offset 0x1E4) is a list of CMDs (one per content).

Offset Length Description
0x00 4 Content ID
0x04 2 Index
0x06 2 Type (0x0001: Normal, 0x4001: DLC, 0x8001: Shared)
0x08 8 Size
0x10 20 SHA1 hash

Certificates

Offset Length Description
0x000 4 Signature type
0x004 256 Signature
0x104 64 Issuer
0x124 4 Public Key Type
0x128 64 Name
0x12C 4 Date
0x16C Public Key

Example code application

 typedef unsigned char  u8;
 typedef unsigned short u16;
 typedef unsigned int   u32; 
/* On a 32bit system, long is only 4 bytes- use long long instead */
 typedef unsigned long u64;
 typedef struct {
   u32 cid;		// content id
   u16 index;		// # number of the file
   u16  type;		// normal: 0x0001; dlc: 0x4001; shared: 0x8001
   u64 size;
   u8  hash [20]; 		//  SHA1 hash content
 } content_record; 			// size: 0x24 bytes
enum sig_type {
  RSA_2048 = 0x00010001,
  RSA_4096 = 0x00010000
};

// High 32 bits of the title ID
enum title_type : u32 {
  System = 0x00000001,
  Game = 0x00010000,
  Channel = 0x00010001,
  SystemChannel = 0x00010002,
  GameWithChannel = 0x00010004,
  DLC = 0x00010005,
  HiddenChannel = 0x00010008,
};

// title_type (offset 0x194)
enum title_flags {
  // All official titles have this flag set.
  Default = 0x1,
  Unknown_0x4 = 0x4,
  // Used for DLC titles.
  Data = 0x8,
  Unknown_0x10 = 0x10,
  // Seems to be used for WFS titles.
  Maybe_WFS = 0x20,
  Unknown_CT = 0x40,
};
 typedef struct {
        u32 sig_type; 
        u8 sig[256];
        u8 fill1[60];
        u8 issuer[64]; // Root-CA%08x-CP%08x
        u8 version;
        u8 ca_crl_version;
        u8 signer_crl_version;
        u8 vwii;
        u64 sys_version;
        u64 title_id;
        u32 title_type;
        u16 group_id; // publisher
        u8 reserved[62];
        u32 access_rights;
        u16 title_version;
        u16 num_contents;
        u16 boot_index;
        u16 fill2;
        content_record contents[num_contents];
 } tmd;

The tmd is then followed by a chain of certificates, where each certificate is of the general form 

  u32 sig_type;  //
  u8 sig[256];   // 256 for RSA_2048, 512 for RSA_4096
  u8 issuer[32];
  u32 key_type;  // the type of public key
  u8 name[64]; // name of thing being signed
  u8 key[...];

There is also a structure called a TmdView which is select sections of the Tmd. It has a length of 0x60+0x10*number_of_contents. The structure is somewhat like this [as returned by ES_GetTmdView] : 

struct tmd_view_content_t
{
	uint32_t id;
	uint16_t index;
	uint16_t type;
	uint64_t size;
};

struct tmd_view_t
{
	uint8_t version; // 0x0000;
	uint8_t filler[3];
	uint64_t ios_title_id; //0x0004
	uint64_t title_id; // 0x00c
	uint32_t title_type; //0x0014
	uint16_t group_id; //0x0018
	uint8_t reserved[0x3e]; //0x001a this is the same reserved 0x3e bytes from the tmd
	uint16_t title_version; //0x0058
	uint16_t number_contents; //0x005a
	tmd_view_content_t contents[]; //0x005c
};
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